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Proverb / Kotowaza

悪戦苦闘

ReadingあくせんくとうRomajiakusen kutou

Fighting desperately against great odds or in a very difficult situation.

a hard battle and a painful struggle

Quick Answer

Fighting desperately against great odds or in a very difficult situation.

Literal Image
a hard battle and a painful struggle
How to Use It
Used when describing someone working extremely hard to finish a difficult task, such as learning a language, completing a project, or implementing a complex system.

Meaning

To engage in a fierce struggle while facing disadvantageous circumstances. It describes the act of putting forth a desperate effort to overcome strong opposition or daunting challenges through sheer determination.

Literal Image

a hard battle and a painful struggle

How to Use It

Used when describing someone working extremely hard to finish a difficult task, such as learning a language, completing a project, or implementing a complex system.

Tone

Serious and intense; it emphasizes the magnitude of the struggle and the effort required.

Examples

01

慣れない外国語での交渉に悪戦苦闘した。

I struggled desperately with negotiations in a foreign language I wasn't used to.

02

悪戦苦闘の末、ようやくプロジェクトを完成させることができた。

After a hard-fought struggle, I was finally able to complete the project.

03

新しいシステムの導入に悪戦苦闘している。

I am struggling with the introduction of the new system.

Learning Notes

Key Vocabulary

Estimated LevelN2Confidence: High
Estimate, not an official JLPT list

While the component kanji are, the four-character compound (yojijukugo) structure and its specific use in business or formal contexts make it less transparent for beginners.

悪戦

あくせん / akusen

hard battle; fighting against the odds

苦闘

くとう / kutou

painful struggle; hard fight

Usage Profile

NeutralCautionaryHumblingThis proverb is yojijukugo.?Yojijukugo is a Japanese four-kanji expression that works as one fixed phrase.

Usage note: It specifically implies a 'desperate' struggle, so it may sound too intense for very minor inconveniences.

Misread Risk

Do not use this for simple tasks that are just a bit annoying; it implies a serious level of difficulty where one is fighting to survive or succeed.

Search As

悪戦苦闘あくせんくとうakusen kutouakusenkutouakusen-kutou悪戦苦闘 あくせんくとうakusenkuto

Kanji in This Proverb

Related Proverbs

Similar四苦八苦
Similar孤軍奮闘
Opposite余裕綽々

Origin

Originally a military term used to describe fighting under disadvantageous (akusen) or painful (kutou) conditions. It has since transitioned to describe putting forth a desperate effort to overcome various difficulties encountered in daily life, such as work or study.

Index

Topics, Situations, and Tags

01

Topics

Effort and PatienceSuccess and FailureStrategy and Action
02

Situations

Praise EffortGive Life Advice
03

Tags

🌟MotivationPatience & Perseverance⚔️Life & General Wisdom

Source Note

Where did this entry get its data from? The reference links are listed below. To understand how to read this section, see Data Sources.

Published
2025-12-29
Updated
2026-05-08
Source 1: tomomi965.comSource 2: tomomi965.comSource 3: tomomi965.comKanji Vocabulary: Kanji.Jepang.orgAbout Data SourcesReport a Correction

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